Other types of Candidiasis

Onyxis and perionyxis candidiasis

It is a Candida infection of the nail and its insertions, common in people who have wet hands due to their occupation (for example, washerwomen). It begins with inflammation of the nail insertion with pain, redness and swelling, which is painful when pressed. You may see pus oozing from the insert. The nail may subsequently become affected, causing loss of color and changes in its shape.

Mouth thrush - oral candidiasis

Oral candidiasis is the most common Candida infection, and occurs most frequently in infants and people with immune system disorders. It forms whitish plaques that cover the oral mucosa like a membrane; when they peel off, they leave a red, bleeding surface. It may cause no symptoms or it may cause itching and even pain that increases when eating.

Atrophic oral candidiasis

It is rare and occurs more in older people. It is characterized by areas of destruction of the oral mucosa that are reddish in color.

Angular cheilitis

Inflammation of the corners of the mouth, almost always both at the same time. The corners become fissured and a very red area with vesicles that break and itch appears around them. This type of lesion also appears in vitamin B deficiencies, dentures poorly placed and excessive salivation.

Candida balanitis

In men, Candida can cause infection of the glans and foreskin of the penis. It begins with small vesicles and pustules that cause itching and burning; they gradually break and appear as more or less extensive irritating lesions (limited to the glans or even on the penis). (groin and scrotum). Normally, balanitis caused by Candida in a healthy man with good hygiene should not last more than three to five days; if it lasts longer, the patient is suspected to have diabetes, immune system disorders, or is undergoing treatment. with antibiotics. If the episodes of candidal balanitis are repeated and brief, the sexual partner is likely to remain infected, even if he or she does not have symptoms.

Esophageal candidiasis

The involvement of the esophagus causes inflammation of the esophagus, which causes difficulty swallowing, a burning sensation and chest pain, which can be confused with a heart attack. In children, the esophagus is often affected by the spread of oral candidiasis. , and in adults we can find this infection in cases of AIDS, antibiotic treatment, diabetes, cancer, chronic treatment with omeprazole, etc.

Candida gastritis

Stomach involvement is rare, only occurring in very advanced cases of blood-borne infections, although it is more common in patients with gastric ulcer. It is possible that the use of omeprazole and other acid secretion inhibitors may promote colonization. of Candida.

Candida enteritis

Intestinal infection is often associated with antibiotic treatment in young children, but it occurs very rarely. Abdominal pain, frequent, liquid stools of light brown or yellow color, sometimes with blood threads, appear. Its main complication is dehydration. due to diarrhea, and early diagnosis is not easy.

Anal candidiasis.

The anus becomes irritated and itchy, its external surface erodes causing itching, and the infection often spreads and causes cutaneous intertrigo.

Laryngitis due to candidiasis

It is usually secondary to oral candidiasis and causes hoarseness. In an otorhinolaryngological examination, such as fibroscopy, the typical whitish plaques of candidiasis can be seen. Occasionally, the bronchi may be affected, causing frequent coughing, fever and bloody expectoration.

Candidiasis in the excretory system

The presence of Candida in urine is usually seen in hospitalized patients with catheters, diabetics, and those treated with antibiotics. There may be no symptoms or cystitis, inflammation of the bladder, with fever and itching when urinating, may appear. A urine test for Candida does not definitively indicate infection, as it occurs in many healthy people.

Candida endocarditis

When Candida enters the bloodstream, it reaches the heart valves and can invade them, forming large vegetations. This type of infection (Candida endocarditis) is more common in patients with infected catheters, and also in users of heroin or other intravenous drugs. especially if the drug is adulterated or diluted in lemon juice, since Candida nests in that citrus fruit. Candida vegetations on the heart valves can dislodge infected emboli, which travel through the large arteries until they occlude the smaller arteries. , which causes heart attacks.

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

This disease has been linked to different endocrinological diseases (hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, hypocorticoadrenalism...) and immunological diseases (agammaglobulinemia, Di George syndrome). It usually begins in childhood with oral candidiasis that persists after adequate treatment; later, the Skin, nails, hair and mucous membranes are often affected. The disease evolves over time towards the formation of deforming granulomas, with real "balls" appearing on the fingers, for example. Permanent hair loss and narrowing of the esophagus are also are common. Patients live for many years and often die from secondary bacterial infections.

Invasive candidiasis

This defines the way in which the fungus reaches the bloodstream, causing a generalized infection and being able to settle in different organs of the body. This situation is called candidemia, and is the most serious manifestation of the infection, causing high mortality.

It usually originates from the infection of catheters inserted in hospitalized people with some type of alteration in their immune system, which can cause infections of vital organs.